The reasons that affect the quality of book printing and the countermeasures

1 The reasons that affect the quality of book printing

Books often have one or more quality problems in the process of printing and bookbinding. Such as the print quality defects showed uneven ink, through the printing, overprinting error, ink, lack of network, white pages, lack of painting, dirty, etc., the quality of the binding defects as folding inaccurate, multiple posts, wrong posts , page number error exceeds the limit, continuous page, reduce page, page drop, residual page, severe empty back, side back glue cracking, etc., hardcover defect manifested as loose lock line, obvious steps, no ridges, floating mouth is not the same, due to raw materials The quality defects are expressed as paper holes, paper color, and damage. The reasons for the above problems are various, and the main reasons are as follows.

1) Reasons for duration and period

The printing unit arranges the production according to the cycle time required by the publishing house, and allocates and prints according to the existing equipment. Due to the tight requirements of the publishing unit cycle, the printing unit accepts a large number of tasks (variety, quantity) of the client unit, resulting in a small phenomenon, that is, unable to eat at all, and cannot be completed within the cycle time required by the publishing unit. It is more serious. Overtime is added to the output to reduce the time for the duration of the project, resulting in a decline in the quality of printed products. Due to the widespread phenomenon of "two seasons" in the business of books and periodicals printing companies, during the peak seasons of spring and autumn, the teaching materials and teaching aids are very heavy. There is limited energy in general book printing production, and there are few production tasks in the off-season production. Strengthen the quality of products, high production tasks during the peak season, limited production capacity, the next can not be printed, so companies first grasp the big color order print books, general books are more serious delay, or even refused, is barely the next serious Dealing with slovenly, only busy with the schedule of progress, quality awareness and quality management have loosened a lot.

2) Causes of equipment not supporting and using materials

In the undertaking of tasks, publishers often have specific requirements of this kind or another. Some book productions require high printing technology. Some printing units have poor or no existing equipment. Some previously incompetent products are hard-wired for the sake of business. The quality of the processed products could not be tracked and guaranteed. Although the printing units also take seriously their own quality of processed products, some special processes require that the quality of the printed products cannot be guaranteed and the quality of the finished products can be guaranteed. The appearance of the product always felt a bit overwhelming. For example, the equipment and environment of some enterprises' printing workshops are not as good as the whole. How can the quality of the printing process be guaranteed? Due to price factors, some printing units refused to use good production materials and accessories, such as PS plates, inks, blankets, glues, etc., resulting in general printing quality. The color cannot be exported, the quality of the binding is poor, and the finished product is submitted for inspection. When it was pulled, it opened the glue. In addition, the printing of the publication belongs to the processing of materials, and the paper allocated to the publishing house, the paper to the printing, the problems of paper color, damage, etc., will not be searched and ignored, resulting in the core of the finished product printed, the ink is uneven, and the writing is incomplete. Unclear and other issues.

3) Film and proof quality reasons

The quality of the film directly affects the quality of the printed matter. The film should have the same density before and after, good transparency, no fog, scratches, spots, and dirty marks. The printing center should be consistent and the error should not exceed ±1mm. Four-color film must check whether its rules and network cable angle is correct, whether the image is correct or not. Since some reprinted books or partially revised or revised textbooks or supplementary books were only partially printed or changed to four colors, when reprinting, the film density or screen lines were inconsistent. After the book was completed, it was okay, but a few pages were The print quality of a few posts is not the same, deep or shallow, inconsistent. After proofing out of the plate, due to adjust the color again to re-sheet out, in order to save costs and no proofing, resulting in printing or color order is inaccurate or can not grasp the correct color sample and affect the quality. In particular, digital proofing, because the platemaking company in the control software, proofing paper and ink use are different, the printing accuracy is also different, the quality is not the same, the traditional printing is difficult to grasp after the sample.

4) Reasons for book binding and layout design

Binding, layout design must meet the production process requirements of row, printing, and assembly. Some large-area field designs and fine pattern designs are on the same plane. Because on-site printing requires the adsorption of thicker inks, under the influence of pressure, the ink can easily be immersed in fine line patterns, making it dirty and unrecognisable. Some texts are designed for four-color overprinting (including overprinting) and dot overprinting, which can easily result in overprinting. On the cover, the spine is often designed as a color block and the thickness of the spine is too tight. When binding and wrapping, the cover on the binding machine moves slightly, and the color block is biased toward the front cover or the back cover. The design of the cross-page design of some patterns in the text layout design is best designed on the same page in the same press sheet. The folding will not be staggered, and the number of dots in the text shading design should not be too large. Too much affect reading, paper printing is also easy to produce hair, powder off phenomenon. The number of outlets is too low, and they are easily lost when printing, and shading cannot be printed. Book brow, page decoration line pattern should also try to avoid bleeding design, due to the error of the imposition folding, after binding into a book, from the appearance point of view, the color of the block at the incision up and down uneven, affecting the appearance.

2 countermeasures

To sum up, how to ensure the quality of book publications printing and binding, each printing unit must make great efforts to rectify, to set out practical and effective management measures, in the pursuit of quality books, quality is the printing unit The best reputation and brand. For this reason, the following measures are recommended.

1) The requirements for the printing of books, film, printing vouchers, and production requirements (including process and cycle requirements) of the publisher's book products must be carefully reviewed, and the version size of the nuclear inspection books, the design requirements of the inspection, the spine, and the spine must be carefully reviewed. Hue, order of printing, ring inserts, prefaces, copyright pages, and more. Those who are unclear or missing need to contact the responsible person (employee and responsible editors) to understand that the implementation is clearly in place and communicate with the publisher in a timely manner so as to obtain quality cooperation and support, such as guarantee and cooperation of raw materials quality in the material department. .

2) When the task is busy, the printing unit must do what it takes to accept the task, and it cannot pick up products that cannot guarantee the quality of the process in order to win business. It is necessary to consider the actual conditions of the product, and what types of prints should be accepted under the conditions of quality and periodicity. The periodical management of the printing process and the periodical management of the binding process should be carried out. The samples, samples, and incoming materials should be mastered in a timely manner. Good scheduling coordination to ensure smooth production process.

3) Encourage enterprises to actively promote the use of new technologies, new processes and new materials, strengthen equipment replacement and technical training for employees, combine product quality with economic responsibility, strengthen process quality control, and establish an effective quality inspection system. Product management, do a good job in product excellence.

4) The publishing house management department shall further adopt quality incentive measures, award merits and punish fines, undertake the book varieties for each printing unit, and the quality product books shall have an appropriate proportion in the number of varieties, meet the standard's prize, and fail to reach the standard. . Strengthen the production scheduling work, and reasonably regulate the printing cycle. The “Qi, Qing, Ding” will transfer the printed copies. Organize the design of the binding, the editors visit and study the printing process, and clearly select the printing process.

5) Strengthen the work of sending and signing sample books (Quality inspection). After the books are printed, the printing units must send the samples and then send the goods to the warehouse. After the problems are discovered, they will be reworked again, causing the editorial department and the publisher to refuse to sign the sample books. . Those who meet the criteria for rating printed books may not be inspected or missed, nor may they fail to pick quality standards, fail to meet the criteria for assessment, and do a good job of quality assessment. A good corporate business must be focused.