1. Definition / Features
1. Connotation
English name: Internet of Things (IOT); also known as Web of Things.
The Internet of Things refers to various devices and technologies, such as sensors, radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, global positioning system, infrared sensors, laser scanners, gas sensors, etc., to collect any real-time monitoring, Connected and interacted objects or processes, collected sound, light, heat, electricity, mechanics, chemistry, biology, location and other required information, and formed a huge network with the Internet. Its purpose is to realize the connection between objects and objects, objects and people, all objects and the network, which is convenient for identification, management and control.
2. Features
Compared with the traditional Internet, the Internet of Things has its distinctive characteristics.
First, it is a widespread application of various sensing technologies. Massive types of sensors are deployed on the Internet of Things, each sensor is an information source, and the content and format of information captured by different types of sensors are different. The data obtained by the sensor is real-time, periodically collects environmental information at a certain frequency, and continuously updates the data.
Secondly, it is a ubiquitous network built on the Internet. The important foundation and core of the Internet of Things technology is still the Internet. Through the integration of various wired and wireless networks with the Internet, the information of the objects is accurately transmitted in real time.
In addition, the Internet of Things not only provides the connection of sensors, but also has the capability of intelligent processing, which can implement intelligent control of objects. The Internet of Things combines sensors and intelligent processing, and uses cloud computing, pattern recognition and other intelligent technologies to expand its application fields. Analyze, process and process meaningful data from the massive information obtained by the sensors to meet the different needs of different users and discover new application areas and application models.
2. The meaning of "thing"
The “things†here must meet the following conditions to be included in the scope of the “Internet of Thingsâ€:
1. A receiver with corresponding information is required;
2. There must be a data transmission channel;
3. There must be a certain storage function;
4. A CPU is required;
5. An operating system is required;
6. There must be a special application;
7. A data transmitter is required;
8. Follow the communication protocol of the Internet of Things;
9. There is a unique number that can be identified in the world network.
3. Key areas and practical application models
1. Key areas
1) RFID;
2) Sensor network;
3) M2M;
4) Integration of the two.
2. Basic application mode
According to its actual use, it can be summarized into three basic application modes:
1) Smart label of the object. Identify specific objects through two-dimensional codes, RFID and other technologies to distinguish individual objects, such as various smart cards we use in life, the basic purpose of barcode labels is to obtain identification information of objects; in addition, through smart labels It is used to obtain the extended information contained in the target item, such as the balance of the amount on the smart card.
2) Environmental monitoring and object tracking. By using various types of sensors and widely distributed sensor networks, it is possible to obtain the real-time status of an object and monitor the behavior of specific objects, such as tracking the location of vehicles through GPS tags and capturing real-time traffic flow through cameras at traffic intersections.
3) Intelligent control of objects. The Internet of Things is based on a cloud computing platform and an intelligent network. It can make decisions based on sensor networks with the acquired data, and change the behavior of objects for control and feedback. For example, adjust the brightness of street lights according to the intensity of light, and automatically adjust the interval of traffic lights according to the flow of vehicles.
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