On Bionics in Industrial Design (2)

In the process of creating material civilization, how can industrial designers better use bionic inventions to create products? First, it is necessary to clarify the difference between the responsibilities of scientists or engineers and industrial designers. The former solves the relationship between objects and objects or the whole and part of the objects themselves; the latter solves the relationship between objects and people, that is, the platform for constructing human-machine dialogues. . Therefore, the foundation of industrial designers to achieve product creation is the realization of bionic technology inventions. In this way, industrial designers have two ways to make better use of bionic inventions to develop products:

1) Scientists achieve results first, and industrial designers transform human needs into bionic design

Scientists first realized bionic inventions, but due to the differences in knowledge structure, scientists could not have a comprehensive and accurate position on the market and people's needs, and it would be impossible to successfully transform their achievements into the products needed by the market, and it would be impossible to create them. Humane human-machine interface. Industrial designers can exactly capture the market demand, combine excellent bionic inventions to create products that people demand, and build a friendly human-machine dialogue platform to create more valuable products.

2) The industrial designer first proposes that the scientists will implement the interactive bionic design

Scientists have not yet realized a certain kind of bionic invention. Industrial designers, through careful observation and experience summaries of natural phenomena, combined with a comprehensive and accurate understanding of market demand, proposed a product concept or concept. Scientists prefer to implement this bionic technology, which makes it possible for industrial designers to create this kind of bionic product. Through the interaction of industrial designers and scientists, creating valuable products.

Therefore, industrial designers should pay attention to the latest imitations and at the same time, they must also carefully observe nature.

3, bionic structure and material

With the in-depth development of bionics, people not only imitate organisms from appearance and function, but also get a lot of inspiration from the peculiar structure and texture of biology. People in the "bionic manufacturing" are not only the nature of the teacher and the law, but also the way to learn and learn from their own internal organization and operation mode. Some of them are exquisite in structure, reasonable in materials, and in accordance with the economic principles of nature; some are even formed according to certain mathematical principles, and conform to the requirement of “the most reasonable space” with “minimum material”. These provide a model of “excellent design” for humans.

For example, the honeycomb is composed of six small hexagonal cells arranged in a row. The bottom of each cell is composed of three identical diamonds. These structures are precisely calculated by modern mathematicians as the obtuse angles of 109 ° 28 'and acute angles of 70 ° 32. 'Exactly the same, it is the most material-saving structure, and it has a large capacity and a very strong, so many experts admire it. People use a variety of materials to make cellular structural sandwich panels. They are strong, lightweight, and do not transmit sound and heat. They are ideal materials for building and manufacturing spacecraft, spacecraft, and artificial satellites.

Recent scientific research points out that organisms are made up of a few simple substances such as sugar, protein and water. The different parts of the organism, from flexible skin to hard bones, have so many different properties. The key lies in the arrangement of atoms from atoms, and the combination of molecules from fibers to crystals, crystals and other semi-finished products, which vary in structure, due to the delicate structure of the structure. , formed a variety of superior and unique performance.

The most direct purpose of solving these mysteries of the structure of living organisms is to develop new types of "biomimetic materials." Researchers mimic the microstructure of abalone shells and fill aluminum molecules with boron carbide molecules. Initially, new types of ceramic materials have been successfully developed. In addition to being hard and soft, they can also sense and adapt to changes in the surrounding environment. Wing materials have this property and can be perceived and self-repaired when damaged. With the same elasticity as the biological body, it can flexibly and flexibly be used to make artificial arteries.

Therefore, industrial designers must also actively focus on the exquisite structures and exotic materials in bionic inventions, and skillfully apply these structures and materials to create the products that people demand in accordance with the needs of the market. At the same time, they must also carefully observe nature and refine them. Nature's subtlety, put forward more ideas, provide more ideas for the exploration of scientists, so as to create more valuable imitation fruits, create more exquisite and rich products for mankind.

In short, it is still a long way to solve the mystery of the structure of living organisms and to develop bionic materials. At present, human beings are only just starting off, but the application of biomimetic materials is promising, but it is absolutely unambiguous.

4, interface bionic

In the design of modern industrial products, bionics are rarely seen from one aspect of form, function, structure, or material, and more are the bionic design of multiple aspects of integrated morphology, function, structure, and material. But also from the nature of the survival philosophy that is, harmony and symbiosis from the perspective of bionic design, such as green bionic design, sustainable bionic design. This kind of bionic design from both the individual manifestation of the natural world and the concept of the overall survival of the natural world coincides with the functional design and emotional design of the interface design. Therefore, I attribute this to interface bionic design.

To understand the interface bionic design, we must first understand the interface. The so-called interface, the man-machine interface, is an operation mode in which the human and the machine interact, that is, a medium in which the user and the machine transfer information to each other, including the input and output of information. A good human-machine interface is easy to understand, simple to operate, and has a guiding function, which makes the user feel happy and interested, thereby improving the use efficiency.

American scholar Herbert. Simon proposes that the design is the integration of the internal environment of the man-made object (artifact's own substance and organization) and the external environment (artificial work or use environment). Therefore, design is a discipline that grasps the internal environment of artificial artifacts and the external environment. This kind of integration is conducted around people. "Human" is an aspect of the design interface, the subject of knowledge and the object of design services, and "object" as an object is another aspect of the design interface. It is a complex that contains object entities, environments, and information. Just as we see a product or a building, it brings people not only the functions of use, the texture of materials, but also the traditional thinking and cultural understanding. Cognition of scientific concepts. "The content of any work must exceed the appearance of those individual objects contained in the work." Analyzing the "object" also analyzes the diversity of design interfaces.

Therefore, in order to recognize and analyze the bionic interface design, it can be classified as:

1) Functional Interface Bionic

The functional design interface accepts the functional information of the object, the manipulation and control objects, and also includes the interface with the production, ie the use of materials, the application of science and technology, and so on. The biomimicry of this interface focuses on the bionics of functions, structures and materials, which reflects the coordination of design and man-made objects.

2) Bionic Interface Bionic

The emotional design interface is to convey feelings to people and achieve emotional resonance with people. There is a unity of certainty and uncertainty in the communication of this feeling. Emotional grasp lies in the feelings of the users who are deeply involved with the target object, rather than the emotional expression of the individual. Designers "invest in enthusiasm and don't invest in feelings," avoiding any subjective assumptions and personal freedom. Bionic on this interface focuses on the use of form, color, texture and other psychological emotions, reflecting the nature of harmony and symbiosis of the spiritual philosophy of bionic design, it reflects the relationship between design and human.

For example, in the design of computers, hardware gradually uses various methods to interact with machines, such as natural language interfaces, computer-supported collaborative work, eye tracking, gesture recognition, three-dimensional input, facial expression recognition, and auditory interfaces. The interface bionic design in the aspect of software; the vast number of software developers in the development of software users are more urgently needed to meet the "simple, natural, friendly, consistent" man-machine interface, that is, the emotional interface bionic design.

In short, with the widespread use of computers, it has become a household name commodity that can be arbitrarily placed in people's pockets to help people handle everyday office business and life affairs, natural human-machine interfaces and a harmonious human-machine environment. It has gradually become the focus of attention in the information world. The same is true of other products. Therefore, the bionic design allows the product to have a more complete functional interface and a more natural and harmonious emotional interface to better meet people's needs.

Third, the future of bionics in industrial design

Today, we live in an era of rapid development of science and technology. Learning and utilizing the excellent structure and wonderful functions of biological systems have become a new direction for technological innovation and technological revolution. Many facts show that bionics is the golden key to the development of new technologies. For example, research shows that a bionic eye can be born in the near future. Because researchers have uncovered how the eyes see images translated by the brain. They have invented a computer-based microcircuit called a "cellular neural network," whereby the invented bionic "electronic eye" can be used to perform image processing similar to retinal functions. Another example is the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center ENT doctor will soon carry out "bionic ear" implant surgery, so that adults who had lost hearing before regained hearing. Another example is that researchers use monkeys as substitutes for human beings to study the physiological activities of human brain thinking and memory. They imagine that if they are modeled on the human nervous system and applied it to computers, it is possible to create biological computers with advanced neural activities. That is the epoch-making contribution of bionics. All this indicates that the future of bionic technology is bright, and the exploration of bionic technology is endless.

On the other hand, the miraculous nature shows exquisite life forms and colorful pleasing colors to human beings. At the same time, nature has silently explained the existence philosophy of nature - harmony and symbiosis. This harmonious design philosophy calls for a high degree of harmony and unity between human society and nature; the symbiotic design philosophy calls for the establishment of a rational construction between man and machine, ecological nature and artificial nature, and the establishment of a symbiotic relationship between man and nature and machines. Dialog platform.

to sum up

To sum up, using bionic thinking to design not only creates products with complete functions, exquisite structure, reasonable materials, and exquisite products, but also gives products a symbol of life, allowing the design to return to nature and enhance the unification of humans and nature. Therefore, industrial designers should learn the natural bionic design thinking of the teacher and the law, and create a dialogue platform where people, nature, and machine are in harmony.