CMYK color space is specially formulated for printing plate making and printing output. It actually describes the ratio of different colors of ink, which is closely related to specific equipment and consumables. As mentioned earlier, although the ratio is the same, different inks will show different colors on different papers.
To allow different devices to match each other when expressing colors, it is necessary to formulate a color system that is independent of the device and abstract a "theoretical" color, so that the colors of different devices can be compared and simulated with each other. The "theoretical" color space that is now widely used is the 1931CIE-XYZ system developed by the International Lighting Association and the CIELab system based on it. The 1931CIE-XYZ system is based on the RGB system and uses mathematical methods to select three ideal primary colors to replace the actual three primary colors to form an ideal, device-independent color system. The formulation process is a very complex color science. , Mathematics, and psychology integrated engineering, what we need to know is that it is by far the most widely used, relatively uniform, widest color gamut, and device-independent color space. It is formulated and recommended by the International Lighting Association (CIE). Each color value combination corresponds to a certain, device-independent color.
Use ICC color profile to manage colors
Although the theoretical color space has its standardity, uniqueness and device independence, but after cutting the relationship between color and equipment, there is a problem that the theory deviates from reality, and an intermediate mechanism is needed to connect theory to reality. , ICC color profile is this link.
ICC is the abbreviation of "International Color Consortium". It has developed a system for managing colors by establishing color profile of equipment. This color profile is called ICC Profile, Also referred to as ICC.
The ICC color profile describes which color in a standard color space is produced by a specific device, thus completing the conversion of the color space-according to the numerical data of the "color characteristic description file" of each media device, the color of the image The data is translated from "the color space closely related to the device, such as the RGB color space of the scanner, digital camera, and CMYK color space of the printer" to "the color space independent of the device (currently basically using 1931CIE-XYZ)."
Simply put, ICC is to establish the corresponding mechanism of the color space-through the method of data operation, to find the exact location of the original color in the target color space. Establishing your own ICC file for each device is the basis for color management, but the development of ICC files requires actual testing and is not static. Even with the same device, as the use environment, consumables, aging and other factors change, ICC files It also needs to be updated regularly.
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