Talking about the safe storage and fire fighting of barreled oil products
Yang Wenliang
In recent years, steel drum packaging oils often cause fires and explosions. The reasons are mostly caused by poor storage and storage. As long as the characteristics of steel drums are understood, attention to storage and operation methods is generally not dangerous.
(1) Since the steel drum is made of steel plate, it is very easy to absorb heat. Generally speaking, the steel drum stored in the open air has a temperature higher than twice the temperature of the steel drum itself. Therefore, in the hot summer months, the surface temperature of the steel drum placed in the open air is high, and it is easy to cause the oil to evaporate and spontaneously ignite. Therefore, the oil steel drum should not be placed in the open air.
(2) Due to the limitation of the manufacturing process and structure of steel drums, steel drums containing oil products often cause different degrees of leakage of steel drums during storage and transportation due to bumps and the like. The leakage of oil can easily lead to fire accidents. Therefore, when loading and unloading steel drums, it is necessary to avoid falling, bumping, and bumping to reduce leakage. In addition, for steel drums that have already leaked, they must not be allowed to leak. The oil is poured out in time, and the leaky bucket is cleaned up. It is no longer possible to use the leaky barrel to fill the oil.
(3) For steel drums filled with oil, there must be someone to do it: truth and operation, fireworks are strictly prohibited nearby. In addition, the author of management and operation must also understand what is contained in the steel drum, what characteristics it has, how dangerous it is, how high the ignition point of the oil is, whether it is flammable and explosive. Only in this way can we be aware of it. Since steel drums are generally tightly sealed and have high strength, it is possible to turn each steel drum into a time bomb in case of poor management and operation.
Most of the oil drum fires are burned after the explosion. Some barrels fly out after the oil barrels explode. Some barrels are opened, and some of them are cracked from the middle of the barrel or the bottom of the barrel, causing the oil to flow out. There are also many fires in the barrel that burned after the first explosion. During the combustion process, the oil vapor pressure increases, causing physical explosion or heat radiation of the steel drum, causing explosions in the adjacent barrels, causing multiple barrels to catch fire and forming a fire in the oil drum group. In addition, the temperature of the oil in the oil drum is lower than the flash point, and the vapor concentration is in the range of the explosion concentration limit. Once an open flame occurs, the case of no longer burning after an instantaneous explosion also occurs.
Different methods and measures should be taken according to these different situations and characteristics when fighting oil drum fires. If the oil drum is destroyed after the explosion and the oil flows out of the ground, it is necessary to cool the ground stream and quickly dissipate it while cooling the adjacent unburned barrel. Then concentrate the force to quickly save the combustion barrel to prevent ignition or detonation of the adjacent barrel. After several oil drums explode and burn stably, the oil is discharged from the ground. If the oil leaks out of the ground, it should be cooled and not exploded or burned. At the same time, the ground should be extinguished and the fire should be dispersed. Then, the concentrated oil should be selected first. Fight. Pay attention to the cooling work after extinguishing the stable one to prevent re-ignition or deflagration again.
One or more oil drums explode shortly after burning, and the fire fighting in this situation poses the greatest threat to personnel. Therefore, in the fight against such fires, every effort should be made to control the oil drums in a burning state to avoid an explosion. Once the explosion is to be reorganized in time, use the above methods and steps to extinguish the fire.
After the oil drum is exploded, the oil drum is partially destroyed. When the fire is stably burned, the covering method should be adopted. That is, the cover (wet felt, sack, etc.) should be used to cover the fire part, so that the fire suffocates and extinguishes. . Keep it tight when covering, and leave no gaps.
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