On November 13th, the third day after the “Double Elevenâ€, Zhang Sheng (pseudonym) relied on the breadboard purchase business to welcome the busiest time of the year.
Near the evening, the cardboard and cardboard boxes collected by the large and small traders and scavengers from the nearby street towns began to be transported to the front of his warehouse for weighing. The corner of the warehouse was piled up with various "color" courier packaging cartons. Zhang Sheng looked at the piled up "Express Mountain" and occupied a lot of space for corrugated cardboard. The eyebrows began to lock.
"We don't really like the carton for express delivery." Zhang Sheng said slightly helplessly.
"From the requirements of corrugated paper, these boxes are worthless. Moreover, the price of paper has fallen sharply this year. It is difficult to make money." Zhang Sheng explained that since September 2018, the recovery price of domestic corrugated cardboard has fallen. serious. During the "Double Eleven" period, the proportion of express packaging cartons increased sharply, but due to the size and size, and the retention of tape and printed patterns, the recycling profit became lower.
The drop in the price of recycling is just a new problem in the recycling chain of “Express Wasteâ€.
It is understood that the packaging materials used in the express delivery industry are divided into seven categories: transport orders, envelopes, cartons, plastic bags, woven bags, tapes and cushions. Previously, according to Zhu Lei, a member of the research team of the “Implementation Plan for Promoting the Green Packaging Work in the Express Industry†and the Vice President of the Qingdao Research Institute of Beijing Printing Institute, the actual recovery rate of paperboard and plastics in China's express delivery industry is less than 10%. Directly sent to the landfill for landfill, bringing great pressure to the urban environment. It can be said that the overall recovery rate of packaging materials in China is less than 20%.
How to create a more efficient express recycling industry chain?
According to data released by the State Post Bureau on November 12, on November 11, major e-commerce companies generated 1.352 billion express logistics orders throughout the day, a year-on-year increase of 25.12%. It is estimated that from November 11 to 16, the industry-wide mail and express mail business will exceed 1.87 billion, an increase of 25% over the same period last year.
After the peak of shopping, there is a large amount of “coupon†that needs to be recycled.
In Zhang Sheng’s warehouse for acquiring cardboard, the most expensive of the major types of paper waste that it manages to recycle is the corrugated cardboard purchased by nearby factories. In contrast, the express packaging of a warehouse corner is piled up. The purchase price of the carton is much lower.
"Compared with the carton, express packaging paper is about 500 yuan cheaper per ton, and the profit margin is very thin." Zhang Sheng told reporters that the acquisition of express packaging carton does not have a price advantage in the current cardboard recycling market, after the acquisition came back Need to manually remove tape, plastic and other debris, but let Zhang Sheng helpless, in recent years, there is a clear feeling that more and more express boxes, "the more you do not make money, the more you come."
The “yield†of current express garbage is indeed rising year by year, and has gradually become the main component of the current urban new garbage.
According to data released by the State Post Bureau, from January to August 2018, the national express delivery business has completed 30.26 billion pieces, an increase of 27.2%. At the same time, in China's megacities, the increase in express packaging waste has accounted for 93% of the increase in domestic waste, and in some large cities it is 85% to 90%.
One side is the increase that cannot be suppressed, and the other side is the lack of construction of the express garbage collection system.
Wen Zongguo, director of the Center for Circular Economy Industry Research at Tsinghua University, said that only about a quarter of the express carton boxes on the market are recycled, and another three-quarters have entered China's sanitation system, some of which have been reused, and others have been reused. It is used as landfill or incineration.
In real life, the work of express packaging and garbage collection mainly relies on paper products such as Zhang Sheng to acquire enterprises, and the recovery power formed by the spontaneous market space. Compared with the increase of express garbage, its power is far from sufficient and it is easily affected by the market.
According to the reporter's investigation, after many paper price surges and plunges since 2016, many domestic downstream cardboard and carton manufacturers began to extend the purchase channels of raw materials to overseas markets such as India and Vietnam. international market.
An industry insider who asked not to be named told reporters that the current price of cardboard boxes in China is mainly due to the increase in the import volume of foreign pulp raw materials. With the development of new international raw materials market by downstream enterprises, the competition of domestic pulp mills has increased, and the prices of finished cardboard and cartons have been lowered. Under this circumstance, the recovery price of upstream cardboard cartons is correspondingly low. And this trend "the future will be a normal state."
“Before, the recovery per ton was about 2,600 yuan, and now it is about 1,800 yuan per ton. At the lowest time, it has dropped to 1,400 yuan per ton.†Zhang Sheng said that the downward pressure on the recycling price of cardboard and cardboard boxes has increased, and the market has acquired The prospect of express packaging cartons with lower prices and smaller profit margins is even less optimistic.
How to build an effective recycling chain?
In the opinion of the experts interviewed, almost all of the express waste is a resource that can be recycled and reused, which is very different from the pollution caused by ordinary domestic garbage.
However, urban express garbage is clearly suffering from "indigestion."
Wang Hui, an associate professor at Shanghai Ocean University Law School, said that on the one hand, the supporting legislation is still not perfect, especially the laws and regulations related to the recycling of express packaging are not perfect; on the other hand, the express packaging recycling system has not been established, and many express garbage disposal and In general, solid waste disposal is handled in the same way, and the household waste separation and recovery system has not yet been established.
"At present, the industry still lacks certain legal binding force, and more is the two main driving methods of enterprise self-discipline and market mechanism." Wang Hui told reporters that from the results, corporate self-discipline and market mechanism have certain limitations. . From the perspective of enterprises, the degree of decentralization of network e-commerce is relatively high, and it is difficult to achieve uniform green packaging requirements. For ordinary consumers, the use of market mechanisms to promote express garbage collection is often caused in real life. The value of recycling is not high and there is not enough power and it is “not convenient enoughâ€.
The express packaging cartons in Zhang Sheng’s recycling warehouse have almost no residents to take the initiative to sell.
"The concept of waste sorting and recycling in ordinary residents has not really formed, and no one will sell such a long way for a few dollars to sell." Zhang Sheng said.
Wang Hui pointed out that e-commerce companies, logistics companies and local governments have the responsibility to build a similar express garbage collection platform to solve the convenience problems of ordinary residents participating in express garbage collection, and even promote the classification of domestic waste in the current local area. Enter the general community.
In addition, he suggested adding a recycling tracking step based on the logistics tracking of the express delivery.
“When the consumer places an order, the corresponding tracking code can be printed on the box and a certain packaging fee will be paid. After the consumer confirms the receipt, the package is sent to the designated recycling location for scanning and recycling. You can avoid the packaging cost of the previous shopping." Wang Hui told reporters that the logistics information not only reflects the cargo information, but also as part of the express packaging recycling information, allowing consumers to participate in the final processing of the express garbage, build A more complete and environmentally friendly consumer process.
Xia Xuemin, a visiting researcher at Zhejiang University's Institute of Public Policy, also believes that the price of packaging for online shopping can be marked separately, giving consumers the option of disposable packaging and green recyclable packaging, and strengthening the green packaging through price-adding pricing. Awareness.
"For disposable packaging of online shopping products, consumers can be clearly informed of the pre-addition of garbage disposal costs." Xia Xuemin said that the use of economic leverage to force the one-time packaging to accelerate the withdrawal of the market has certain operability.
In fact, some e-commerce companies are exploring the creation of recycling express packaging. Beginning in December 2017, Jingdong Logistics's self-operated business in B2C's self-operated business pilot cycle express box "Qingliu Box".
“Users can choose whether to use 'recycling packaging' when ordering, and can also get Beijing Bean reward after recycling.†Jingdong Logistics related person in charge told reporters that the future Jingdong Logistics will promote the B2B cycle packaging mode in the whole industry, in addition to self-support Outside the business, it is planning to gradually open this system to businesses.
In addition, Suning promoted the "shared express box" program, the rookie plans to invest 5,000 green recycling stations in 200 cities across the country, etc., all of which are attempts to recycle the express packaging. However, the complexity of "reverse logistics" tests the management capabilities of each platform and increases the cost of the enterprise.
"Express delivery logistics service providers shall use environmentally-friendly packaging materials in accordance with regulations to achieve reduction and reuse of packaging materials." Article 52 of the "Electronic Commerce Law of the People's Republic of China" to be implemented.
At present, it seems that there is still a long way to go to achieve this goal.
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