Export goods packaging and talk about

In the past two decades, China’s foreign trade has grown rapidly. In terms of tangible commodity exports, commodity packaging, which is a continuation, supplement, perfection of commodity production, and an indispensable protection for the circulation process and sales media, has never been valued as becoming more and more important. We should also note that although the packaging industry has made great contributions to export commodities, many problems still remain. In the series of documents and publications of the "economic UN" WTO, trade issues related to the environment deserve our full attention.

In the past two decades, China’s foreign trade has grown rapidly and it has risen to the top 10 in the world in 1997. In terms of tangible exports of goods, it is increasingly important that they are not valued as a continuation, supplement, perfection of the production of goods, and an indispensable protection and distribution medium for the circulation of goods. On the one hand, the proportion of packaging products in the value of export commodities has increased. Through our own packaging industry and the adoption of feed processing methods, the proportion of packaging products to total prices has reached a relatively reasonable level, which has become an important factor in increasing the added value of exports. One of the means. On the other hand, improvements in packaging have also greatly benefited export products. Products have been fully protected and self-promotion in all aspects of warehousing, transportation and sales. The overall design and series design of packaging have also become an important part of domestic corporate image design (CI). .

From the causal link between packaging improvement and foreign trade growth over the past two decades, it can be seen that perfecting the packaging design of goods has great potential for promoting the growth of the export of goods. However, we should also see that although the packaging industry has made great contributions to export commodities, many problems still remain. For example, the protection of many commodities remains unresolved, and the number of damaged and deteriorating products is huge. The annual losses caused by poor packaging still amount to several billion yuan. In terms of appearance design, there is not enough research on the characteristics of the goods and the target market. Excessive packaging not only does not benefit the promotion of goods, but it may also bring about side effects. The other situation is that they tend to be similar and have their own characteristics, and are submerged in the packaging of many commodities in the international market.

When considering the packaging problem, we must pay attention to the existence of opportunity cost. When our packaging design is attractive, the product is likely to enter the potential target market. And if the packaging is not satisfactory, this market can only be missed. The difference in income between two different situations is the opportunity cost that the packaging does not improve. This cost is not caused by the direct loss of goods and is usually not noticed by people. Although our statistics do not show the specific situation in this area, the opportunity cost is undoubtedly huge in today’s increasingly fierce international competition.

In the series of documents and publications of the "economic UN" WTO, trade issues related to the environment deserve our full attention.

In terms of institutional setup, the Environment Committee is directly set up under the Executive Board of the WTO to formulate various treaties involving environmental issues and deal with trade disputes between countries arising from environmental issues. This has not happened at all previous stages including the Uruguay Round. From one aspect, it shows that the attention of all countries in the world to environmental issues has reached an unprecedented height. In addition, in the footsteps of the increasingly globalized world economy, various tariff and non-tariff trade barrier policies pursued by some countries have become increasingly untenable. Therefore, environmental issues are linked to trade in commodities and are covered in green veil. The new trade protectionism began to flourish.

In the trade of commodities that may introduce environmental disputes, it includes the goods themselves and the packaging, and the packaging is often easily overlooked by people. Many countries have strict restrictions on the packaging of imported goods for the purposes of environmental protection, sanitation, and quarantine. For example, the United States, Australia, New Zealand, and other countries prohibit the direct use of natural plant fibers (such as hay, rice straw, and jute) as packaging materials. Requires sufficient quarantine and fumigation certification documents for wooden packaging containers, and stricter food packaging. For example, it is prohibited to use any chlorine-containing plastics (such as PVC, PVDC, etc.) to directly package foods. If the above provisions are violated, the batch of commodities cannot be imported for inspection and acceptance, and they can only be returned. The trader will suffer heavy losses. On the other hand, the Congress uses this as an excuse to impose strict specialized inspection standards and procedures for similar commodities in the commodity exporting countries. Increase trade barriers between the two countries and become discriminatory trade policies. For example, the United States has temporarily imposed a number of discriminatory inspection regulations on wooden packaging boxes exported to China this year, which has affected the rapid growth of some commodity exports in the first half of this year. The ISO14000 series of standards developed by the International Organization for Standardization consists of five items: 14000, 14002, 14010, 14011, and 14012. It is essentially an environmental protection standard. It aims to use the standard globally by various manufacturers and is certified by specialized agencies. The microcosmic establishment of a conscious environmental management system, so that people take the initiative to take a variety of anti-pollution measures. Unlike the highly influential ISO 9000 series of standards, ISO 9000 focuses on specifications for materials, manufacturing processes, etc., and enhances interchangeability and coordination through standardization during use and inspection. ISO 14000 is not focused on the hardware environment of the equipment, but rather on the cultivation of environmental awareness within the company. From the point of ISO 14000 that may involve packaging, packaging producers should select materials, design the structure of the packaging, pattern design, manufacturing process, sales process, use safety after the product reaches the consumer, and waste recycling and reuse. Comprehensive consideration of links to achieve the best results of environmental protection. The most important requirement for the environmental characteristics of packaging is 3RD, namely recycling, reduction, recycling and degradation. This is a feasible way to solve the pollution of various packaging products represented by plastics that currently plague most countries in the world. At the same time, with the implementation of ISO14000, manufacturers of major products and manufacturers who provide matching packaging can also establish a comprehensive, efficient, and scientific overall quality management system. As far as China's current situation is concerned, many manufacturing companies, especially big companies with brand names, have stepped up their efforts in line with international standards. Most of them have passed ISO9000 certification and are currently participating in ISO14000 certification. However, fly in the ointment is that many supporting suppliers of such companies, such as packaging companies, have not yet participated in the same international certification. In the future, when the product goes to the international market, its overall environmental image is incomplete and defective, and it is also likely that the packaging does not meet the importing country. Environmental protection requirements have been set up as barriers to trade, so the organization of packaging and packaging companies to participate in international organizations ISO14000 system certification as soon as possible, for the export of goods has become a top priority.

Judging from the current situation in China, there are two main sources of packaging for export goods, one is the packaging workshop of the product company itself, and the other is the professional packaging manufacturer.

The scale of the former category is often relatively small, and the product types are mainly limited to one or two types. There is no special development and design department. Some large companies are aware that the traditional concept of packaging as a simple packaging work can no longer meet the requirements of the international sales environment, and thus began to strengthen the research and development investment in packaging design and technology, or under the economic considerations of comprehensive costs, Some packaging manufacturing processes are outsourced to external companies. Although the second type of enterprises are specialized in production, they also face many problems. First of all, such companies generally have a low starting point and a relatively thin home base. There are many low-level repetitions in the introduction and production of equipment. The matching capabilities of various parts of the production line are uneven, and many raw materials are still dependent on imports. The capacity for independent development is relatively poor. Most of these enterprises are small and medium-sized state-owned enterprises. The benefits are generally poor. Even if production is not stopped, they can only maintain production. As a result, the loss of designers and technicians at all stages is serious, resulting in a vicious cycle of enterprise development. Because manufacturers and packaging companies have their own ways of doing things, they can't cooperate well with the complete product image design. Packaging can't be tailored to the packaged goods, either from the structure or the pattern. Take corrugated boxes as an example. In the past ten years, a large number of corrugated cartons production lines have been introduced in China. However, the process, specifications, and products are basically the same. The corrugated cardboard boxes with sorghum type sorghum type and plain paper colored kraft linerboards package everything from home appliances to clothing, food, and toys. In foreign countries, different designs are used depending on the characteristics of the product and the occasion of use. Such as small and medium-sized cardboard boxes are more used E, F and other small corrugated type, stacking a good rigidity, while the surface printing performance is very suitable for high-quality printing of the pattern; in the choice of face paper, foreign use more Bleached or coloured cardboard, such small cartons are fully competent even when used directly in retail packaging. The above examples illustrate that our products must enter the international market more smoothly, and product companies and packaging companies must strengthen technical exchanges and information coordination, and from the fragmented state of disorder as soon as possible to the transition to an international corporate operation with the image of a common company. Enterprises and packaging companies can all benefit from the efforts to improve packaging, inspire them to further develop the interest in research and development of new packaging, and thus promote the sound development of China's packaging industry.

Here we analyze the problems existing in the current export packaging from the perspective of specific commodities exported by foreign trade.

The share of electromechanical products in China’s exports over the past two decades has been rising, becoming the largest source of foreign exchange for exports. Compared with the past that mainly depended on the export of bulk primary products, and the role of packaging is irrelevant, today's electromechanical products require more and more packaging, and packaging must be able to provide adequate cushioning, proper temperature and humidity environment, and display of sales links. Functional, loading and unloading convenience features. Smaller items are preferably packaged in corrugated boxes. The cardboard structure is suitably multi-layered and multi-layered. For example, three layers are bonded. The middle and inner layers are made of high corrugated type A or B to enhance the cushioning performance. The outer layer is small. The rake type enhances stacking reactor strength and improves printing results. The use of internal buffer materials, in addition to traditional foaming polypropylene, to use more natural materials to facilitate the recycling of new buffer materials such as corrugated cushions, honeycomb paperboard, pulp molded products, rice husk crushed pressed molding products. Pulp molded products are currently used in China for egg and fruit bottom trays. The proportion of cushioning materials used in cartons is still very low compared with developed countries. The key is that the kinetic experiments on these materials are not enough. Structural design is not closed. China has limited timber reserves. In order to protect the domestic ecological environment, the timber harvesting will be strictly limited in the future. Therefore, in the past, new wooden substitutes were used for packaging, and wood slats could not meet the requirements of the entire box as much as possible. In areas where bamboo resources are abundant in the south, bamboo and its deep-processed products can be used as substitutes. In the end, small and medium sized goods will be transformed into cartons. For slightly bulky or grouped goods, unitized packaging may be adopted, and the pre-stretched film packaging may be used for tightness after being packed in the tray to prevent the lateral displacement of the product from causing collapse of the stacking code and damage of the packaged loose frame. Containerization is a new feature of mechanical and electrical product packaging. One of the problems with container transport in China today is that containers are mostly general-purpose and there are few special-use containers. In addition, after the electromechanical products were loaded into the containers, they were deemed to be sufficiently safe. Instead of filling cushions in the gaps in the tanks and adding fixing plates, serious damage to the containers still occurred.

Cereals, oils and foodstuffs are our country’s traditional export commodities. In recent years, the proportion of exports has declined, but the total amount is still large, and the storage, transportation, and packaging of grain, oil, and food have not been fundamentally resolved for a long time. From the current situation of China's grain export packaging, we are developing in both bulk and miniaturization. Large batches of raw grains, such as unhulled rice and wheat, should be transported in bulk and leased for special ships, which can save packaging costs, make full use of cabin capacity and speed up loading and unloading. Considering the actual situation of the use of sacks and woven bags in the domestic grain purchase process, a one ton or half ton container bag can be replaced by a sack in the process of transport from the grain warehouse to the dock, and then replaced by a bulk bag at the dock. Two steps for loading bulk carriers. Another trend of grain exports is the miniaturization of packaging. It is based on the high-quality and efficient development of domestic agriculture. The main target markets are supermarkets in countries with relatively high levels of consumption, such as no-scouring rice and other semi-finished products, and the unit weight. For 1-5 kg, packaging materials can be used PE bags, carton packaging lined with plastic film, etc.