Stroke is a dangerous acute cerebrovascular disease that occurs in the middle-aged and elderly populations. After the onset of the brain, the nerve tissue is damaged, and even if the life is saved, the healing effect is often unsatisfactory. The current traditional rehabilitation methods for stroke are mainly massage and passive instrument exercise. Wei Yanzhao, an undergraduate from the School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, led a classmate to develop a “stroke rehabilitation robot†that allows patients to control their hands and exercise, and to recover the brain center and peripheral nervous system and motor system during exercise.
The system won the first National College Student Brain Computing Innovation Application Competition held recently. The reporter recently interviewed the R&D team and learned that the robot system has been put into trial in some hospitals in this city. Wei Yanzhao has also formally established a company to start a business, and their projects have been favored by investors.
See "Avatar" insight control
In 2014, Wei Yanzhao was admitted to Beihang University and studied in automation. "He is a very smart and diligent student, unable to spare, and has a passion for research and technology." Li Yang, an associate professor at the Institute of Automation, commented on Wei Yanzhao. Not long after entering the university, Wei Yanzhao began to do some technical exploration. When he was a freshman, he tried to develop an APP software for the class management system. Unfortunately, he did not succeed. In his sophomore year, he taught himself the robot operating system. During his internship, he helped a company develop a sweeping robot based on indoor positioning technology. Earned 15,000 yuan in the "first bucket of gold" in life.
Really let him feel the charm of brain control, or read the classic movie "Avatar" after going to college. "At that time, I felt that the owner of the movie shared the idea of ​​'Avatar' is too interesting. I also want to make one myself.' Avatar's." Wei Yanzhao smiled at the reporter, it is this "whimsical" that made himself and the brain rehabilitation robot have a fate.
Of course, the direct reason for R&D is that Wei Yanzhao wants to participate in the “Feng Ru Cup†Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition of Beihang. For this reason, his first thought is to develop a brain rehabilitation robot that can be controlled by mind. The idea is easy, but it is not so simple. Wei Yanzhao does not have the knowledge background of bioelectric signal processing. He found the Li Yang teacher of the college to seek guidance. Li Yang has long been engaged in machine learning, brain signal analysis algorithms, brain-computer interface and other fields. "It turns out that I found the right teacher and took a lot of detours." Wei Yanzhao told reporters.
Conquer the "brain cap" noise problem
In the face of difficulties in research and development, Wei Yanzhao did not retreat. In January of this year, under the recommendation of the tutor, he went to the Ningbo Intelligent Manufacturing Industry Research Institute to study the experimental design of the EEG signal processing algorithm, including experimental data collection, signal processing, equipment control and other methods.
Without talent, he "catch up and buy horses" to find helpers on campus. He found Wu Yijia, who is good at electromechanical design, Fan Jialiang, who is good at control and algorithm, Lu Yue and Yang Zongkai, who are more than project management, and He Zhengliang and other students who have a lot of experience in interface design. "What kind of person is missing because of lack of technology." Wei Yanzhao said that he was fortunate that his character was good, and he gathered a group of like-minded and technically strong partners to constantly overcome various difficulties.
Wei Yanzhao introduced that the key to the "brain rehabilitation robot" is the brain electric cap that can collect and sense brain waves. What kind of materials are used to make brain electric caps? The earliest thought of them is to use the most popular 3D printing nowadays, but it soon became unworkable. "The shape of the human skull is different. The shape of the 3D printed hat is regular and difficult. Effectively fits everyone's scalp, which will greatly affect the collection of brain waves." Eventually they found a fabric that is highly conformable to the scalp and made a brain cap.
The brain electric cap originally produced has a major defect, and the noise pollution during the transmission of brain waves is too large, which affects the judgment of the computing chip. After repeated debugging, they added an electrostatic shield and placed a specially designed circuit board in the signal amplifier to solve the signal problem.
"Ideas control" can also reshape neurons
In the interview, Wei Yanzhao and team members demonstrated to reporters the operating principle of the “Stroke Rehabilitation Robotâ€. The reporter wore a brain-powered cap and a line-driven exoskeleton glove for the rehabilitation robot. Wu Yijia opened the software they designed specifically in the computer. Five squares appeared on the screen, and the center pattern had a cross-shaped cursor.
The reporter used the mind to perceive the left and right direction, and the magical scene appeared. The gloved hand on the table actually moved with his own perception. "You control your hand with the brain through the 'third party' approach, 'the third party' is the robot." Wei Yanzhao said that the entire robot has eight contact points in the brain and the right and left hand function areas in the brain. During operation, the nine contact points collect human EEG signals, which are then transmitted to the computer through the amplifier. The computer processes and recognizes the EEG signals, and then drives the glove exoskeleton to perform corresponding movements through the commands of the MCU. For those whose brains are damaged and cannot control their own limbs, such control of mind can help them maximize their self-care ability and reduce the burden on family members.
In fact, the effect is far more than this. Under the guidance of Li Yang, Wei Yanzhao and the team's partners found that this "intention control" can actually reverse the role. Through clinical observations with some rehabilitation hospitals in Beijing, they found that stroke patients using rehabilitation robots can regenerate the connections between neurons in the brain damaged area. "This means that robots can help stroke patients to brain." Rehabilitation treatment." Prior to this, most of the rehabilitation clinical treatment of stroke patients was only a peripheral nerve intervention, and rehabilitation was only a physical recovery, not directly related to the brain.
To build a rehabilitation cloud platform in the future
Wei Yanzhao told reporters that the application of EEG control technology to education, entertainment and other fields is not new, but the application in clinical medicine is still relatively small, which makes him "sniff" business opportunities. In August of this year, they officially registered and established Beijing Chess Intelligence Technology Co., Ltd. in the industrial and commercial department, and started the business of “Stroke Rehabilitation Robotâ€.
Up to now, Wei Yanzhao's company has established a technical department, marketing department, cultural development department, and legal department, which has formed a complete structure. The total number of employees exceeds 40, and the largest number of technical departments account for more than 30 people. These partners are my classmates. We are all working hard with a passion." He said that it is common for everyone to be busy late at night, so that the project can be improved.
After the interview, Wei Yanzhao rushed to the Chaoyang District Industrial and Commercial Bureau to handle the share confirmation procedures. Wei Yanzhao said that they should further improve the business plan and determine the company's accounts and budget. Many startups are going to raise money when they come up. Wei Yanzhao said that he is not in a hurry. "I am doing medical care. I want to develop in the long run. I can't be too hasty. I must let the whole team settle down, mature, and further clinical tests. ""
Wei Yanzhao, who has entered the senior year, is still preparing for the postgraduate exam. He wants to learn more with Li Yang and let his stroke rehabilitation technology mature to benefit more patients. Wei Yanzhao also has a wish, in addition to hardware, to build a big data cloud computing platform, build a large database, use data to construct a model of brain injury rehabilitation treatment, for rehabilitation and even daily prevention of stroke.
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