Recently, it has been discovered that pregnenolone (pregnenolone) produced by the brain is a natural defense mechanism that can resist the harmful effects of cannabis on animals. The excitement caused by cannabis is mainly achieved through the active ingredient THC. Studies indicate that pregnenolone can reduce the stimulation of THC on its receptors. On this basis, the research team is developing the first drug to treat cannabis addiction. More than 20 million people around the world are addicted to cannabis, among them young people aged 16 to 24 years have a particularly high rate of cannabis use (up to 30%). This group of people is particularly sensitive to the harm of cannabis. Regular use of marijuana can cause many harms, such as cognitive impairment and negative emotions. Some people who are very dependent on cannabis also suffer from memory loss. The main active ingredient in cannabis is THC, which acts on the brain through CB1 receptors in neurons. THC binds to these receptors and affects their normal physiological functions, such as regulating eating, metabolism, cognitive processes, and pleasure. Excessive stimulation of CB1 receptors by THC will lead to weakened memory and negative emotions, gradually forming a dependence on drugs. The release of dopamine to develop an effective means of treating cannabis addiction has become a primary issue in related fields.
It has always been believed that pregnenolone is only an inactive precursor, and it is used to synthesize other steroid hormones (progesterone, estrogen, testosterone, etc.). Pregnenolone has a very important role and can protect the brain from the harm of cannabis. When a high dose of THC activates the CB1 cannabinoid receptor, it also triggers the synthesis of pregnenolone. Pregnenolone can bind to a specific site of the same CB1 receptor, reducing the effect of THC. Further increasing the level of this hormone in the brain can resist the effects of cannabis on behavior. Pregnenolone greatly reduces the dopamine release caused by THC. This is important because addiction to cannabis is related to excessive dopamine release.
The new treatment route administers equal doses of cocaine, morphine, nicotine, alcohol, and cannabis to rats, and then detects the levels of some brain steroids (pregnenolone, testosterone, allopregnenolone, DHEA, etc.). It was found that only THC can increase the level of pregnenolone in the brain, increasing pregnenolone by 3000% within two hours. The increase in pregnenolone is an endogenous mechanism to alleviate the influence of THC. Studies have shown that blocking the synthesis of pregnenolone will increase the effect of THC. In contrast, a certain dose of pregnenolone (2-6 mg / kg) given to rats or mice can resist the harmful effects of THC. Pregnenolone can help animals restore normal memory and relieve their dependence on drugs.
In vitro experiments on cells expressing human CB1 receptors confirmed that pregnenolone can neutralize the effects of THC on human cells. "Pregnenolone itself cannot be used as a therapeutic drug because of poor oral absorption, and it quickly turns into other steroids once it enters the bloodstream. The development of stable and easily absorbed pregnenolone derivatives is hoped to use it as a therapeutic cannabis Addictive drugs. These derivatives will be clinically tested in the future.
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